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map showing Hungary within the Austria-Hungary double monarchy, and the present contour of Hungary |
Hungary is since 1920 a small country in Central Europe, but it used to be a large state since about the year 1000. Historians have concluded that the Hungarian peoples, or Magyars as they call themselves, have invaded the present area from the east. The Hungarian kingdom proved stable, yet it fell to the Ottomans in 1526 after the humiliating battle of Mohacs, and became part of the Habsburg Empire after 1683. It prospered, and was one of the most succesfull and advanced states in Europe. The first underground railway in the world was in London, but the second in BudaPest, capital of Hungary, and the first on the continent of Europe. The loss of World War I brought heavy territorial loss for Hungary following the Treaty of Trianon in 1920. This still is something of an open wound to many Hungarians.
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map showing Hungary within the Austria-Hungary double monarchy, and the present contour of Hungary |